{"id":5404,"date":"2020-12-15T23:51:12","date_gmt":"2020-12-15T20:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/englishmag.ru\/grammar\/"},"modified":"2021-02-17T23:01:58","modified_gmt":"2021-02-17T20:01:58","slug":"grammar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/englishmag.ru\/ru\/grammar\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\" id=\"wpb-content-root\"><div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2,\r\n                .tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_2,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_4  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_single_image image=&#187;4050&#8243; img_size=&#187;full&#187; alignment=&#187;center&#187;]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_5\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_6 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_6,\r\n                .tdi_6 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_6,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_6 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_6 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_6 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_6 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_8  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_8{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_8 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_8 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_8 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_8 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_8 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]The Oxford English Dictionary defines\u00a0<strong><u>punctuation<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0as \u201cThe marks, such as full stop, comma, and brackets, used in writing to separate sentences and their elements and to clarify meaning\u201d.[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_10  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_10{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_10 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_10 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_10 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_10 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_10 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]\u041e\u043a\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0417\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0430\u044f, \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0430\u00bb.[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_11\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_12 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_12,\r\n                .tdi_12 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_12,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_12 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_12 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_12:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_12:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_12 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_12 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_12 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_12 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_14  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_14{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]This is all well and good, but actually, using commas accurately is one of the key elements to avoid misunderstandings.<br \/>\n<strong>A prime example of this is:<br \/>\nLet\u2019s eat, grandma!<br \/>\n<\/strong>Now try it without the comma. I\u2019m not really sure how tasty grandma would be![\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_16  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_16{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\">\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u2013 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<br \/>\n<strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0418\u0434\u0451\u043c \u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430!<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439. \u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0443\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_17\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_18 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_18,\r\n                .tdi_18 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_18,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_18 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_18 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_18:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_18:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_18 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_18 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_18 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_18 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_20  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_20{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\">The commas can be used:<br \/>\n<strong>1. To separate the list:<\/strong><br \/>\nListing commas are used in sentences to avoid repeating the conjunctions and\/or, or separate a list of adjectives or nouns.<br \/>\nE.g.: I enjoy reading newspapers, magazines and books.<br \/>\nAfter work, she had a large, hot, tasty bowl of soup.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_22  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_22{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_22 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\">\u0417\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f:<br \/>\n<strong>1. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044f.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0417\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \/ \u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445.<br \/>\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u042f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433.<br \/>\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0430\u044f, \u0432\u043a\u0443\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_23\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_24 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_24,\r\n                .tdi_24 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_24,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_24 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_24 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_24:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_24:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_24 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_24 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_24 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_24 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_26  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_26{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>2. To separate actions:<\/strong><br \/>\nE.g.: The Prime Minister walked into the room, sat down, looked around the room and smiled.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_28  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_28{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_28 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_28 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_28 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_28 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_28 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>2. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435\u0440-\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443, \u0441\u0435\u043b, \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0443\u043b\u044b\u0431\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_29\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_30 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_30,\r\n                .tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_30,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_30:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_30:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_30 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_30 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_30 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_30 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_32  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_32{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>3. With addresses and numbers:<\/strong><br \/>\nIn addresses, we separate the street address, the city and the county with a comma.<br \/>\nE.g.: 204 Mayflower Road, Poole, Dorset.<br \/>\nWith numbers, we use commas, not full stops, to separate the thousands from the hundreds. E.g.: 672,948.<br \/>\nIn relative clauses using \u201cwhich\u201d:<br \/>\nE.g.: &#171;Django,&#187; which was directed by Quentin Tarantino, is an extraordinary film.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_34  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_34{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_34 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_34 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_34 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_34 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_34 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>3. \u0421 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0412 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438.<br \/>\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: 204 Mayflower Road, Poole, Dorset.<br \/>\n\u0421 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: 672,948.<br \/>\n\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441 \u201cwhich\u201d:<br \/>\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u00ab\u0414\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u00bb, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0451\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u041a\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0422\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e, \u2013 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_35\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_36 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_36,\r\n                .tdi_36 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_36,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_36 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_36 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_36:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_36:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_36 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_36 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_36 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_36 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_38  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_38{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_38 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_38 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_38 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_38 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_38 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>4. Isolating commas<\/strong><br \/>\nAnother way of isolating clauses or sections of the sentence (a clause, a phrase or a single word) that are not essential, is to use commas.<br \/>\nThere are different types of isolated sentences:<br \/>\nwith discourse markers: Fortunately, he arrived on time.<br \/>\nwith linkers and connectors: I enjoyed the film. However, Tom Hank wasn\u2019t that good. I think, nevertheless, that buying a flat in Moscow is a good idea.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_40  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_40{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>4. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u00a0\u2013 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435. \u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<br \/>\nc \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430): \u041a \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f.<br \/>\n\u0441 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438: \u042f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0422\u043e\u043c \u00a0\u0425\u044d\u043d\u043a\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448. \u042f \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u044e, \u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 \u2013 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_41\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_42 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_42,\r\n                .tdi_42 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_42,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_42 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_42 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_42:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_42:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_42 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_42 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_42 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_42 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_44  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_44{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_44 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_44 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_44 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_44 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_44 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>5. To emphasise.\u00a0<\/strong><br \/>\nHe is late, as usual.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_46  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_46{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>5. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041e\u043d \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_47\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_48 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_48,\r\n                .tdi_48 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_48,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_48 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_48 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_48:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_48:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_48 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_48 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_48 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_48 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_50  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_50{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>6. When pausing.<\/strong><br \/>\nWe can use commas to reflect when a natural pause might appear in spoken English.<br \/>\nE.g.: The other day, [pause] while I was walking in the park, [pause] I saw Madonna jogging with her daughter.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_52  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_52{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_52 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_52 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_52 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_52 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_52 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>6. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0443.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0430.<br \/>\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f\u0445, [\u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0430], \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u0448\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435, [\u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0430] \u044f \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u041c\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u044c\u044e.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_53\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_54 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_54,\r\n                .tdi_54 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_54,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_54 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_54 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_54:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_54:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_54 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_54 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_54 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_54 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_56  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_56{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_56 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_56 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_56 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_56 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_56 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>7. To avoid repetition.<\/strong><br \/>\nE.g.: I work as a teacher, my husband (works) in finance.<br \/>\nI ordered a sandwich, my sister a salad.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_58  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_58{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_58 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_58 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_58 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_58 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_58 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>7. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u042f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, (\u0430) \u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0436 (\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442) \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u042f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u0441\u044d\u043d\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0447, (\u0430) \u043c\u043e\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_59\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_60 block-hover wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_60,\r\n                .tdi_60 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_60,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_60 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_60 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_60:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_60:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}@media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .tdi_60 {\r\n\t                    margin-left: -35px;\r\n\t                    margin-right: -35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdi_60 .tdc-row-video-background-error,\r\n\t                .tdi_60 > .vc_column,\r\n\t                .tdi_60 > .tdc-columns > .vc_column {\r\n\t                    padding-left: 35px;\r\n\t                    padding-right: 35px;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_62  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_62{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_62 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_62 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_62 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_62 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_62 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>8. The Oxford comma.<\/strong><br \/>\nThis is an optional comma that can be placed in front of the word \u201cand\u201d at the end of a list.<br \/>\nEg.: The Post was written by Elizabeth Hannah, directed by Stephen Spielberg, and stars Meryl Streep and Tom Hanks.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_64  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_64{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"wb-stl-custom11\"><strong>8. \u041e\u043a\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0430\u044f.<\/strong><br \/>\n\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0430\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u0438\u00bb \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<br \/>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u041a \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0443 \u00ab\u0421\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0435\u00bb \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u00a0\u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u042d\u043b.\u0425\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0451\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0421\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433, \u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043f \u0438 \u0422\u043e\u043c \u0425\u044d\u043d\u043a\u0441.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_65\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_66  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_66,\r\n                .tdi_66 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_66,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_66 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_66 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_66:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_66:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_68  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_68{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_single_image image=&#187;4080&#8243; img_size=&#187;full&#187; alignment=&#187;center&#187;]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_69\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_70  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_70,\r\n                .tdi_70 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_70,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_70 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_70 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_70:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_70:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_72  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_72{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_72 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_72 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_72 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_72 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_72 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_74  td_separator_solid td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:#EBEBEB;border-width:1px;width:100%;\"><\/span>\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - 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